Video Call Usage in Older Adults With or Without Dementia Impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The usage of video calls for social connection generally increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. It remains unclear, how individuals with dementia (IWD), many of who already experienced isolation in their care settings, use and perceive video calls, what barriers and benefits exist, and how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their use of video calls. An online survey was conducted to healthy older adults (OA) and people surrounding IWD as proxies. Both OA and IWD showed increased use of video calls after COVID-19 and the severity of dementia was not correlated with the video call usage among IWD during this period. Both groups perceived significant benefits in using video calls. However, IWD exhibited more difficulties and barriers to using them compared to OA. Given the perceived benefits of video calls to the quality of life in both populations, education and support by family, caregivers, or healthcare professionals are necessary for them.

Adapting an emotional regulation and social communication skills group programme to teletherapy, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented situation, whereby essential services within child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) were suspended. This created a need to modify regular methods of treatment at a rapid pace, to avoid cessation of clinical intervention and prevent potential regression in mental health. Eighteen children with moderate-to-severe mental health disorders and their parents were attending weekly group cognitive behaviour therapy-based sessions ('The Secret Agent Society' programme) when the Irish Department of Health suspended face-to-face intervention. This report describes how the group sessions were adapted to individualised, online therapeutic triads between each child, his/her parent and their clinician. Whilst internet technology has emerged as a promising solution to shortfalls in therapy services, in-depth exploration is needed to confirm the efficacy of telehealth for children attending CAMHS.

A study of dual-language preschoolers with moderate to severe autism: perspectives and practices of professionals in Boston-area Massachusetts public school districts

The rate of autism continues to increase globally across cultures and languages. Inequities exist in early access to an autism diagnosis and necessary evidence-based education and related services for dual-language children in the U.S. This qualitative dissertation study investigated the perspectives and practices of 10 educators and therapists working in the Boston area of Massachusetts with dual-language preschoolers with moderate to severe autism. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews on Zoom. Practitioners described their commitment to their students and families. Using a social constructivist phenomenological approach, the data analysis of the practitioners' responses resulted in seven main findings. Assessment procedures for special education eligibility determination, monitoring progress, or 3-year-reevaluations did not address the required practice of assessment in the home language. Instructional practices described included early childhood and monolingual special education with little mention of cultural and language factors. Barriers to dual-language instruction were highlighted, leading to the use of primarily monolingual practices in special education and related services. Challenges identified included accessing competent interpreters, the limited availability of early childhood bilingual special education professional development, and rare support from English as a second language (ESL) teachers. Parents' language barriers impacted their understanding of the special education process for their children and led to a delayed start of evidence-based autism services. Priorities for language instruction did not address the social communication needs of dual-language students with autism across settings. Additional barriers were identified regarding student access to appropriate online education and therapy for dual-language preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A limitation of this study is the research context of the pandemic lockdown, making it challenging to access practitioners and collect data. Recommendations include the development of state standards for teacher preparation and professional development, policy change from monolingual to bilingual early childhood special education, and further research that includes dual-language preschoolers with autism. Using a bilingual special education approach with continuation of the native language and a focus on social communication development across home, school, and communities can support the most significant progress in learning and best quality of life outcomes for dual-language preschoolers with autism and their families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Together, at a distance: experiences with a novel technology for social contact among older people and their relatives in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The recognition that people are social beings is fundamental for person-centered care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the lives of older people were restricted in ways that dramatically reduced their opportunities for face-to-face contact. Limited contact with family members due to social distancing raised concerns about the well-being of older people. In Norway, interactive technologies were therefore introduced to older people to help them maintain social contact while practicing physical distancing. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to examine how older people and their relatives experienced the use of technology-mediated communication through KOMP, a tablet-like device for supporting social contact in care facilities and homes during the pandemic. METHODS: We adopted an open phenomenological approach inspired by Kvale and Brinkmann (2009) to explore how the use of KOMP became meaningful during the pandemic. The study was based on individual interviews with 4 residents in care facilities and 13 relatives. RESULTS: The lived experiences of using KOMP among older people and their relatives revealed that adopting digital communication helped older people, and their families mitigate social distancing and maintain relationships with each other, despite the restrictions imposed by the government. Virtual involvement through KOMP afforded meaningful interconnections in the social lives of the users and their distant family members, thereby supporting their roles as parents and grandparents despite the distance, and promoting cross-generational connections among family members. Digital meetings also provided opportunities for older people and their relatives to enjoy each other's presence in favored places, by conveying a homely atmosphere, for instance. These virtual encounters did not rely exclusively on talk as the only means of communication. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that communicating via KOMP was a meaningful activity for the participants. Technologies for social contact can, to some extent, facilitate person-centered care for older people in care facilities and their private homes, despite circumstances requiring social distancing.

Meshes and networks of challenges for the teaching of Communication in times of pandemic

The article reflects on the remote teaching-learning process in two courses in the area of Social Communication at a public university in the state of Bahia, Brazil, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. Having the essay as a method, in addition to discussing how strategies were built for the relationship between teachers and students mediated by digital platforms, the text articulates the impacts of the pandemic with specific challenges in the field of Communication, locating it in the academic environment in front of to other fields, due to the presence of digital technologies as an important part of the (in)formative process in the area. It is concluded that, in addition to the challenges raised by the pandemic, the articulation of meshes and networks contributes to redesigning perspectives of relationships and action.

Core components of project-based intervention after acquired brain injury: Delivering meaningful groups online.

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation for cognitive-communication impairments following brain injury can be complex given the heterogenous nature of impairments post injury. Project-based intervention has the potential to improve communication skills and create a meaningful real-life context where individuals collaborate to develop a concrete product, which benefits others. While evidence for this intervention is emerging, the COVID-19 pandemic prompted increased use of telehealth interventions to serve people with brain injury. This paper aims to describe a framework for the delivery of project-based intervention via telehealth within community rehabilitation settings; and present several case studies of telehealth groups completed in the United Kingdom and the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A working group was formed to map the components of project-based intervention onto the rehabilitation treatment specification system (RTSS). This system is a conceptual framework that helps to explain the link between treatment theory and ingredients, allowing a clinician to clearly understand how and why a treatment works. First, a literature search was completed to identify eligible studies on project-based intervention after brain injury. Second, those studies were thematically mapped onto the RTSS to identify important intervention components. Third, the presence of these components was assessed for community brain injury groups delivered via telehealth in the United Kingdom and United States. These groups were further described using a taxonomy of social activities that help to describe the degree of meaningful social engagement. RESULTS: The literature was described with a thematic RTSS summary. Treatment aims focus on skills training and self-efficacy, advocacy and self-empowerment, emotional well-being and quality of life, and collaboration and community belonging. Treatment ingredients involve a range of cognitive and behavioural supports to deliver meaningful activities and contexts to complete a project. Mechanisms of action involve learning by doing and cognitive and affective information processing. All four telehealth groups conducted in the United Kingdom and United States involved at least three treatment aims, >7 targets, and >8 treatment ingredients. All groups reported positive experiences from activities that involve working collaboratively to help others and contribute to society. CONCLUSIONS: Project-based intervention delivered via telehealth has the potential for supporting people with acquired brain injury to improve their communication skills and engage in meaningful, collaborative activity. Application of the RTSS helps clinicians to understand the aims and therapeutic ingredients (or clinician activities) through which a person with brain injury may achieve specific treatment targets during the rehabilitation process. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject Project-based interventions have the potential to improve cognitive, self-regulatory, behavioural and social communication skills, renegotiate identity and reaffirm sense of self, providing a positive impact on quality of life for persons with acquired brain injuries. Projects serve as a context for meaningful engagement for individuals in the chronic phase of traumatic brain injury recovery, without fulfilling work, family or social responsibilities. However, most published research has involved in-person projects and few projects have been delivered via telehealth. What this paper adds to existing knowledge While past published works have shared core principles of intervention, a variety of projects, durations, dosages and methods have been employed. The current paper provides a framework to support more consistent implementation. By mapping previous project-based interventions to the RTSS, clinicians will have a better understanding of the aims, targets, ingredients and theoretical underpinnings of project-based interventions. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the shift to telehealth moved interventions to a virtual context. The four case projects in this paper demonstrate that it is possible to conduct project-based interventions via telehealth and provides a clear description to guide clinicians in their delivery. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This work begins to build the foundation for more rigorous, empirical examination of project-based interventions. By mapping project-based interventions to the RTSS, core aims, targets and ingredients are established that can be objectively examined. This investigation also provides a road map for clinicians who wish to implement this complex intervention.

COVID, HOAXES AND FACTCHECKERS. EVOLUTION OF DENYINGS IN IBERO-AMERICA 2020-2022

This text analyses the activity of factcheckers linked to the LatamChequea Coro-navirus network, from January 2020 to December 2021, trying to establish the chronology, typology, thematic and origin of demented fake news on coronavirus in Latin America, to understand the phenomenon of misinformation and help to recognize new bulos if patternsare actually detected in the demented of the fake news. The results reveal that the archetype missinformation has textual format, travels through social networks at the beginning of the pandemic, and it is demented in countries with greater activity of facktcheckers. © GKA Ediciones, authors.

How Has COVID-19 Impacted Our Language Use?

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe consequences for people's mental health. The pandemic has also influenced our language use, shaping our word formation habits. The overuse of new metaphorical meanings has received particular attention from the media. Here, we wanted to investigate whether these metaphors have led to the formation of new semantic associations in memory. A sample of 120 university students was asked to decide whether a target word was or was not related to a prime stimulus. Responses for pandemic pairs in which the target referred to the newly acquired metaphorical meaning of the prime (i.e., "trench"-"hospital") were compared to pre-existing semantically related pairs (i.e., "trench"-"soldier") and neutral pairs (i.e., "trench"-"response"). Results revealed greater accuracy and faster response times for pandemic pairs than for semantic pairs and for semantic pairs compared to neutral ones. These findings suggest that the newly learned pandemic associations have created stronger semantic links in our memory compared to the pre-existing ones. Thus, this work confirms the adaptive nature of human language, and it underlines how the overuse of metaphors evoking dramatic images has been, in part, responsible for many psychological disorders still reported among people nowadays.

Art box deliveries: The experiences of people with dementia and their carers during the Covid 19 lockdown.

Art workshops have been looked at before in terms of impact for people with dementia but never those conducted remotely during a pandemic lockdown. Two artists, working with local museums, provided Art workshops for people with dementia and their caregivers. Due to the first Covid 19 lockdown in the UK, the artists set up a weekly delivery service of Home Art Boxes to thirty-three people with dementia and their caregivers over a period spanning 11 months. The artists received funding from local organisations and the Community Lottery Fund. Thematic analysis of the feedback from the participants regarding the project and the artists themselves provided the data for this evaluation of the project. Seven main themes were identified: organisation of the project; community and connections; supporting the caregivers; enjoyment and enrichment; well-being and cognitive benefits of the projects; equipment and instructions; and drawbacks within the project. The participants' feedback enabled the artists to improve the contents and instructions given each week so that they were able to adjust the activities for those people with dementia whose condition was declining. Implications are that remote Art workshops are possible during lockdown restrictions, but that personal communication is equally important.

Communication of health measures of distancing by COVID-19 in the media: A qualitative analysis

Physical and social distancing became a key measure in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic and required the mass media for its dissemination. This descriptive study, using qualitative methodology and content analysis had the purpose of interpreting messages about this measure as published at the beginning of the pandemic in Chilean mass media. It considered 63 news obtained in formal media sources on the Internet between April and May 2020.From the analysis, emerged the following thematic categories: social and physical distancing strategy, consequences on the population, messages and expert voices, importance of both social determinants and digital communication channels in a restricted physical environment. Findings indicate that formal media had a fundamental role in the dissemination of expert information based on reliable scientific evidence, in the civic interpellation of citizens, and denouncing health problems, among them, mental health declining of the population. The capacity of people to adapt to digital media for socializing was also exposed, and aspects of the sociocultural determinants affecting the population's perception of risk were incipiently highlighted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) La medida de distanciamiento fisico y social fue clave en el control de la pandemia por COVID-19 y requirio de los medios de comunicacion masivos para su difusion. Este estudio descriptivo, basado en metodologia cualitativa y analisis de contenido, tuvo el proposito de interpretar mensajes sobre dicha medida publicados al inicio de la pandemia en medios de comunicacion masiva en Chile. Se considero 63 noticias obtenidas en medios formales en internet en el periodo de abril y mayo de 2020. Del analisis emergieron las siguientes categorias tematicas: estrategia de distanciamiento social y fisico, consecuencias en la poblacion, mensajes y voces expertas, importancia de las determinantes sociales, e importancia de los canales de comunicacion digital en un entorno fisico restringido. Los hallazgos indican que los medios de comunicacion formales tuvieron un rol fundamental en la divulgacion de informacion experta basada en evidencia cientifica confiable, en la interpelacion civica de los ciudadanos, y en denunciar los problemas de salud, entre ellos, el deterioro de la salud mental de la poblacion. Se expuso, ademas, la capacidad de las personas para adaptarse a los medios digitales para socializar, e incipientemente resaltan aspectos de las determinantes socioculturales que afectan la percepcion de riesgo de la poblacion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Improvised use of a digital tool for social interaction in a Norwegian care facility during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory study.

BACKGROUND: Digital tools for social communication have been deployed in care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic to facilitate social connectedness between older people and their next of kin in a safe manner. This study explores how and why health care professionals facilitate the ad hoc and prompt use of a technology for social communication, known as KOMP, in care facilities in western Norway to promote communication and social engagement among residents and their next of kin during the crisis. METHODS: To investigate the perspectives and practices of health care professionals, we conducted focus groups, individual interviews, and participant observation in public short- and long-term care facilities in western Norway. An explorative investigation with inductive content analysis was applied to analyse interview transcripts and fieldnotes from participant observation. RESULTS: The resulting qualitative data reveal that prompt implementation of interactive technology to cope with social distancing during the pandemic added new routines to the staff workload. Using this interactive technology entailed new forms of collaborative work among residents, next of kin, health care professionals and technology facilitators. Additionally, the staff articulated a sense of responsibility towards using KOMP as a meaningful and practical tool for social communication in an extraordinary period of reduced social contact. CONCLUSIONS: Improvised implementation of KOMP as an interactive technology shapes work routines, introduces new tasks and creates additional responsibilities. Despite creative efforts by health care staff, however, using KOMP remains constrained by the physical and cognitive abilities of its users. We suggest that health care managers ask a deceptively simple question when introducing novel technologies in health care contexts, namely: what kind of invisible work do these devices entail?

Students with autism spectrum disorder and their social communication needs in college

This qualitative descriptive study explored how college and university disability service personnel in the Northeast, Southeast, and Western U.S. describe and identify the ways support services help address the social communication needs of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Chevallier, Kohls, Troiani, Brodkin, and Schultz's (2012) social motivational theory was the theoretical foundation utilized in this study. There were 2 research questions that were explored: 1) How do college or university disability service personnel describe the social communication needs of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? and 2) How do college or university disability service personnel identify the ways that support services help address the social communication needs of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? The sample consisted of 16 disability service personnel from the Northeast, Southeast, and Western U. S. Data was collected through individual interviews and two focus groups. Themes were identified through a 6-phase thematic analysis process resulting in 6 themes: social maintaining, social reward, social orienting, identifying autism spectrum disorder, documentation, and information from individuals. Findings indicated that participant students with ASD need support in a social setting through friendships and support from disability service personnel. Participants stated COVID-19 impacted the students' support needs in social communication. Disability services personnel and college counselors could utilize the results from this study as a rationale for developing methods and strategies to support the social communication needs of students with ASD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Technology and Social Communication: Challenge for Gojek Female Riders during the Covid-19 pandemic

This research aims to know the Gojek female riders survive during the pandemic by optimize their ability of social communication through technology. A qualitative approach and case study method are used in this research. Media Richness Theory has become a tool to explore and to analyse. The result has shown that technology has helped the Gojek female riders by providing channels, tools, and opportunity to improve their life. In parallel, the limitation and complexity of technology has also developed their communication skill to keep their job during the pandemic Covid19. It is an obligation that come unpredictably however must be handled. No training no brief information nothing provided but in the end sharpening their social communication skills within their interaction using the application has become the best solution. © 2021 IEEE.

The importance of the cover in The New Yorker to interpret the Covid19 crisis

We present an empirical research work where we analyze the use of illustration in a specific medium (The New Yorker) to contrast the power of transmission of the message in a very specific context such as that of the global pandemic due to the spread of covid-19. Methodology: A methodological triangulation has been carried out combining various techniques and tools such as documentary research, descriptive analysis, focus group and content analysis. Results: The analysis of 347 covers reveals that the element that varies from one publication to another is the illustration. © Global Knowledge Academics, authors. All rights reserved.

Communication of health measures of distancing by COVID-19 in the media: A qualitative analysis

Physical and social distancing became a key measure in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic and required the mass media for its dissemination. This descriptive study, using qualitative methodology and content analysis had the purpose of interpreting messages about this measure as published at the beginning of the pandemic in Chilean mass media. It considered 63 news obtained in formal media sources on the Internet between April and May 2020.From the analysis, emerged the following thematic categories: social and physical distancing strategy, consequences on the population, messages and expert voices, importance of both social determinants and digital communication channels in a restricted physical environment. Findings indicate that formal media had a fundamental role in the dissemination of expert information based on reliable scientific evidence, in the civic interpellation of citizens, and denouncing health problems, among them, mental health declining of the population. The capacity of people to adapt to digital media for socializing was also exposed, and aspects of the sociocultural determinants affecting the population's perception of risk were incipiently highlighted. © 2021 Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso. All rights reserved.

Training Resources Targeting Social Media Skills to Inform Rehabilitation for People Who Have an Acquired Brain Injury: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: In 2020 and 2021, people increasingly used the internet to connect socially and professionally. However, people with an acquired brain injury (ABI) experience challenges in using social media, and rehabilitation professionals have reported feeling underprepared to support them in its use. To date, no review of social media skills training to inform ABI rehabilitation has been conducted. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to examine research on interventions addressing social media skills and safety, with a focus on people living with health conditions; free web-based resources for the general public on social media skills training; and currently available online support groups for people with ABI. METHODS: An integrative scoping review was conducted, with a systematic search strategy applied in March and November 2020 across OvidSP (MEDLINE, AMED, PsycINFO, and Embase), Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Google, and Facebook. The data collected were critically appraised and synthesized to describe the key content and features of social media training resources. RESULTS: This review identified 47 peer-reviewed academic articles, 48 social media training websites, and 120 online support groups for people with ABI. A key recommendation was interactive training with practical components addressing cybersafety, how to use platforms, and how to connect with others. However, no social media training resources that were relevant and accessible for people with ABI were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Training resources to support people with ABI in safely using social media are limited. The key content to be addressed and the features to be incorporated into web-based social media training were determined, including the need for interactive training that is co-designed and safe and incorporates practical components that support people with ABI. These findings can be used to inform the development of web-based evidence-based support for people with ABI who may be vulnerable when participating in social media.

Living with COVID-19: Depression, anxiety and life satisfaction during the new normal in Turkey

Current findings suggest that many people experience high levels of anxiety, depressive symptoms and life dissatisfaction due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the effects of the pandemic and life changes during the new normal of social restrictions in Turkey are yet to be examined. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, correlates and predictors of life satisfaction, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms during the new normal of ongoing social restrictions. This is a cross-sectional study conducted online with 352 participants living in Turkey. Measures included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Satisfaction with Life Scales. Sociodemographic variables and questions relating to the COVID-19 were collected. The results showed that low social communication and the sense of being restricted were significant predictors of life dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Of the participants, 91.5% were dissatisfied with their lives during the new normal of social restrictions. In addition, nearly half of the participants showed depressive symptoms (55.7%) and anxiety symptoms (54.3%). The present study suggested that social communication might be a key factor to improve psychological wellbeing. Considering the long-term effects of the pandemic on public mental health, developing effective preventive measures and intervention strategies are crucial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Turkish) Mevcut bulgular, bircok insanin COVID-19 salgini nedeniyle yuksek duzeyde kaygi, depresyon ve yasam memnuniyetsizligi yasadigini gostermektedir. Bununla birlikte, Turkiye'de yeni normalin getirdigi sosyal kisitlamalar sirasinda pandeminin ve yasam degisikliklerinin etkileri henuz pek incelenmemistir. Bu calismanin amaci, yeni normal doneminde devam eden sosyal kisitlamalarda yasam doyumunun kaygi belirtilerinin ve depresif belirtilerin yayginligini incelemek, iliskili faktorlerini ve yordayicilarini arastirmaktir. Turkiye'de yasayan 352 katilimci ile cevrimici olarak yurutulen kesitsel bir calismadir. Olcum araci olarak Yaygin Kaygi Bozuklugu-7, Hasta Sagligi Anketi-9 ve Yasam Memnuniyet Olcegi kullanilmistir. Ayrica sosyodemografik degiskenler ve COVID-19 ile ilgili sorular da cevaplandirilmistir. Dusuk sosyal iletisim ve kisitlanmis olma duygusunun yasam memnuniyetsizliginin, depresif belirtilerin ve kaygi belirtilerinin anlamli yordayicilari oldugu gosterilmistir. Katilimcilarin %91,5'i yeni normalin getirdigi sosyal kisitlamalar sirasinda hayatlarindan memnun olmadigini belirtmistir. Ayrica, katilimcilarin yaklasik yarisinin depresif belirtiler (%55,7) ve kaygi belirtileri (%54,3) gosterdigi bulunmustur. Bu calisma, sosyal iletisimin psikolojik iyilik halini iyilestirmede anahtar bir faktor olabilecegini one surmektedir. Pandeminin halkin ruh sagligi uzerindeki uzun vadeli etkileri dusunuldugunde, etkili onleyici tedbirler ve mudahale stratejileri gelistirmek cok onemlidir. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Effectiveness of Online-Delivered Project ImPACT for Children With ASD and Their Parents: A Pilot Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face intervention services for families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an 8-week, online-delivered Project ImPACT program for children with ASD and their parents in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A pilot non-randomized study with a waitlist control group was conducted in 68 children with ASD and their parents in the Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics between April 15, 2020 and March 19, 2021. Participants were allocated to either the intervention (IG) or the waitlist group (WLG) according to their order of recruitment. Parents in the IG immediately received 8 weeks of the online-delivered Project ImPACT program, and the WLG received the same program with a delay when the IG had completed all sessions. Participants in both groups received treatment as usual during the research period. Results: The online-delivered Project ImPACT program significantly improved the parent-reported social communication skills of children with ASD. Furthermore, parent's involvement in the training program produced a collateral reduction in parenting stress and an increase in perceived competence in the parental role. Parents rated the program acceptable in terms of curriculum schedule, session content, homework assignments, and therapist feedback. Conclusions: The 8-week, online-delivered Project ImPACT program is a feasible and effective social skill training program for families of children with ASD in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the methodological limitations, randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes are suggested to provide more solid evidence.

COVID Detection using X-Ray images through Machine Learning

This electronic document is a 'live' template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. Many organizations have been forced to undergo significant change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including rethinking key aspects of their business cycles and utilizing innovation to stay up with duties while adhering to a shifting scene of regulations and new techniques. This procedure can offer complete knowledge covering points of interest and after effects which influence society from COVID19, by using data frameworks and innovative viewpoints. The viewpoints by various welcomed subject specialists are examined and cross referenced by internet learning, AI brainpower, data board, social communication, network safety, huge information, block chain, innovation and methodology through the perspective of the current emergency and effect on these particular regions. The viewpoints offers and ideal understanding of the scope of points, distinguishing central questions and proposals for hypothesis and practice by utilizing chest X-ray pictures using ML-approach. In the paper, the use of these ML methods to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic flow situation is a promising aspect, just as the prevention of the Covid infection model is proposed. © 2021 IEEE.

Social communication analysis in Homeschooling: a scoping review

In the 21st century, transformations to the social system have made way for educational alternatives in which the speech-language pathologist, as a promoter of communicative skills, adopts a significant role. Homeschooling is one of those options, however, there are controversies around its impact on the development of children's social skills. This article is a scoping review that explores the relationship between Homeschooling and the development of social communication. Studies published in Spanish or English between the years 2000 and 2020 available with and full text were included, and those that included participants with cognitive disabilities or learning disorders were excluded. Of 328 studies found, only 9 met the inclusion criteria. The selected documents were analyzed according to the components of social communication: interaction, social cognition, and pragmatics in verbal and nonverbal communication. There are discrepancies between the results. Some authors claim that the social communication skills of homeschooled children are better than those of children going to school, but others state that they merely meet expected standards for their age. The role of parents or educators was identified as decisive. No studies were found addressing pragmatic skills. In conclusion, the limitations regarding the number of articles and heterogeneity of the methodologies do not allow the results to be generalized to the population. The need for further studies in this area is evident, especially at this time of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2021, Universidad de Chile, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia. All rights reserved.